JONES FRACTURE

Jones fracture - Jones fractures occur in a small area of the fifth metatarsal that receives less blood and is therefore more prone to difficulties in healing. A Jones fracture can be either a traumatic fracture or an acute break. They are caused by overuse, repetitive stress or trauma. They are less common and more difficult to treat than avulsion fractures. Other types of fractures can occur in the fifth metatarsal. It is also known as fifth metatarsal fracture. Athletes are commonly injured with Jones fracture and it can be caused by overuse and repetitive strain. The Jones fracture can be mistaken for a simple ankle sprain, but in fact, it is much more serious.

SYMPTOMS

• Pain, swelling and tenderness on the outside of the foot

• Difficulty walking

• Bruising

KNEE ARTHRITIS

A joint is a part of the body where two or more bones meet like in your knee. There is also a small bone at the front of the knee called the patella or kneecap. Patellofemoral arthritis occurs when the articular cartilage along the trochlear groove and on the underside of the patella wears down and becomes inflamed. When cartilage wears away, it becomes frayed and, when the wear is severe, the underlying bone may become exposed. The ends of our bones are covered in a smooth and slippery surface, known as cartilage. This allows the bones to move against each other without friction, and protects your joint from stress.

Everyone’s joints go through a normal cycle of damage and repair during their lifetime, but sometimes the body’s process to repair our joints can cause changes in their shape or structure. When these changes happen in one or more of your joints, it’s known as osteoarthritis.

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WINGED SCAPULA

WINGED SCAPULA - The scapula (shoulder blade) is the largest bone of the shoulder complex and has the greatest number of muscles attached to it. These muscles both stabilise the arm to the body and move the arm around in space. All these muscles act at the same time sometimes and oppose each other at other times, but work together like a well trained team to allow the arm to move in space. If any of these muscles are not working in the right way at the right time this leads to a break in the rhythmic motion of the scapula. This is known as a scapula ' dysrhythmia '. This leads to apparent 'winging' of the scapula.
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TRIGGER FINGER

Trigger finger is a condition in which one of your fingers gets stuck in a bent position. Your finger may bend or straighten with a snap — like a trigger being pulled and released. Trigger finger is also known as stenosing tenosynovitis. It occurs when inflammation narrows the space within the sheath that surrounds the tendon in the affected finger. If trigger finger is severe, your finger may become locked in a bent position.

SYMPTOMS:

• Finger stiffness, particularly in the morning
• A popping or clicking sensation as you move your finger
• Tenderness or a bump (nodule) in the palm at the base of the affected finger
• Finger catching or locking in a bent position, which suddenly pops straight
• Finger locked in a bent position, which you are unable to straighte

People whose work or hobbies require repetitive gripping actions are at higher risk of developing trigger finger. The condition is also more common in women and in anyone with diabetes. Treatment of trigger finger varies depending on the severity.